Portrait of Comrade Nguyen Phong Sac – Documentary photo
Comrade Nguyen Phong Sac, real name Nguyen Dinh Sac, was born in Bach Mai village on February 1, 1902. (now house number 152 Bach Mai street, Cau Den ward, Hai Ba Trung district, Hanoi). His father, Nguyen Dinh Phuc, was exiled to Con Dao for 5 years after joining the Dong Kinh Nghia Thuc organization in 1907. His childhood was shaped by his family’s patriotic tradition, particularly his father’s courageous example. Growing up, observing the People’s miseries and the savagery of the French colonialists, he had a strong desire to evict the colonialists and liberate the nation.
After passing the first entrance exam at Buoi School, Nguyen Dinh Sac refused to accept a scholarship to study in France but stayed at the Indochina Finance Department. During this time, Nguyen Dinh Sac learned about the Vietnam Revolutionary Youth Association – the Party organization founded by leader Nguyen Ai Quoc. Learning about the Association, Nguyen Dinh Sac became more aware of the good ideals of the proletarian revolutionary path outlined by leader Nguyen Ai Quoc for the national liberation struggle.
At the end of 1926, Nguyen Dinh Sac was one of the first 11 people admitted to the Vietnam Revolutionary Youth Association. He took the new name Nguyen Phong Sac with the meaning of new wind, containing the aspirations and enthusiasm of the enlightened patriotic intellectual.
Comrade Nguyen Phong Sac was one of the first to actively participate in sowing revolutionary seeds and creating young organizations in Hanoi after joining the Vietnam Revolutionary Youth Association. The comrade’s family’s home at 152 Bach Mai became a revolutionary base, hosting frequent meetings of the General Department and the Tonkin Youth Union.
In June 1927, the Provincial Party Committee of the Vietnam Revolutionary Youth Association of Hanoi was established with 3 people including Comrade Nguyen Phong Sac. With the active activities of Nguyen Phong Sac and his comrades, Hanoi was one of the earliest places where the Youth organization appeared, had a solid organization and vibrant activities, making an important contribution to spreading the theme of youth. Marxism-Leninism and the revolutionary line of leader Nguyen Ai Quoc; thereby building and developing the organization of the Vietnam Revolutionary Youth Association in some provinces of Tonkin.
On August 28, 2028, the Youth Union of Tonkin held the first Congress and Nguyen Phong Sac was one of the three delegates representing the Hanoi Provincial Party to attend and he was officially elected to the Northern Youth Union.
As a member of the Tonkin Youth Union and a member of the Hanoi Youth Department, comrade Nguyen Phong Sac actively prepared for the first Congress of the Hanoi Youth Department to take place in April 1929 at house no. 68 Nam Dong. At the Congress, Comrade Nguyen Phong Sac was elected as the first official Secretary of the Hanoi Provincial Party Committee.
As Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, he both directed and led the Hanoi Provincial Party Committee to actively implement the proletariat movement, and directly built foundations in many places, promoting the Youth movement in Hanoi and Tonkin developed rapidly.
Comrade Nguyen Phong Sac – The person directly in charge of the Central Party Committee and leader of the Nghe Tinh Soviet movement; Articles of the Central Committee to promote the spirit of revolutionary struggle in the Nghe Tinh Soviet movement; Red Self-Defense Team in Hoa Quan – Dong So – Nghe An during the Nghe Tinh Soviet movement, period 1930 – 1931. Documentary photo
With his sensitivity and political thinking, Comrade Nguyen Phong Sac quickly realized the objective requirements and trends that there must be a more suitable organization, the Communist Party organization, in 1929, as the reality of the revolutionary struggle in Tonkin and the entire country developed strongly. Comrade Nguyen Phong Sac was one of the founding members of the country’s first Communist Party cell at 5D Ham Long in Hanoi in March 2029. This event represented a significant milestone in the life of comrade Nguyen Phong Sac’s revolutionary efforts, transforming him from a patriotic academic to a pioneering elite communist soldier, a core cadre firm in the revolutionary fight.
Faced with the necessity of establishing a strong political party capable of leading the revolutionary movement, the delegates of the 5D Ham Long cell decided to establish the Indochinese Communist Party on June 17, 1929, at 312 Kham Thien street (Hanoi), with Comrade Nguyen Phong Sac elected as a Standing Member. The foundation of the Indochinese Communist Party aided the development of the country’s communist movement and sped the process of fighting for the establishment of the Communist Party.
The Provisional Central Committee of the Indochinese Communist Party convened on July 21, 1929, at Tam Son village, Tu Son district, Bac Ninh province, to discuss Party building and continuing to assign committees to the Communist Party of Vietnam. When members went to regions and localities to carry out the Party’s resolutions, comrade Nguyen Phong Sac was tasked with establishing the Party organization and revolutionary activity in Central. He was the Secretary of the Communist Party of the Indochinese Communist Party when it was created. Mr. Nguyen Phong Sac made significant contributions to the development of the Party systems in the provinces of Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Quang Tri, Thua Thien Hue, and others.
Comrade Nguyen Phong Sac was assigned to the provisional Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam in February 1930, directly supervising the Party organization structure and the revolutionary movement in Central Vietnam. Comrade Nguyen Phong Sac was appointed Secretary of the Central Party Committee in December 1930.
In March 1931, after attending the 2nd Central Conference of the Communist Party of Indochina in Saigon, Comrade Nguyen Phong Sac took the task of going to the Central Vietnam, Hanoi and Hai Phong to disseminate the Central Resolution. On May 03, 1931, when he arrived in Hanoi, Comrade Nguyen Phong Sac was arrested by secret agents at Nam Lai Hotel, near Hang Co Station and escorted to Vinh, Nghe An. He was brutally tortured, but he still maintained a resilient revolutionary spirit, indomitable before the enemy, did not reveal information about the party organization and revolutionary base. The enemy executed comrade by shooting on May 25, 1931 at Song Loc post, Nghi Loc district, Nghe An province.
Comrade Nguyen Phong Sac made a heroic sacrifice at the age of 29. Although his revolutionary life was short, it was very noble, glorious, and made great contributions to the revolutionary cause in the early days of the founding of the Party.
In 2022, celebrating the 120th birthday of Comrade Nguyen Phong Sac, we remember and thank the pioneer communist soldier of the Party and the Vietnamese revolution, the outstanding son of Hanoi capital who has devoted himself , sacrificed his whole life for the cause of national liberation, freedom and happiness of the People.
PV